Modify a URL

Use url_modify() to modify any component of the URL, url_modify_relative() to modify with a relative URL, or url_modify_query() to modify individual query parameters.

For url_modify(), components that aren't specified in the function call will be left as is; components set to NULL will be removed, and all other values will be updated. Note that removing scheme or hostname will create a relative URL.

url_modify(
  url,
  scheme = as_is,
  hostname = as_is,
  username = as_is,
  password = as_is,
  port = as_is,
  path = as_is,
  query = as_is,
  fragment = as_is
)

url_modify_relative(url, relative_url)

url_modify_query(
  .url,
  ...,
  .multi = c("error", "comma", "pipe", "explode"),
  .space = c("percent", "form")
)

Arguments

url, .url

A string or parsed URL.

scheme

The scheme, typically either http or https.

hostname

The hostname, e.g., www.google.com or posit.co.

username, password

Username and password to embed in the URL. Not generally recommended but needed for some legacy applications.

port

An integer port number.

path

The path, e.g., /search. Paths must start with /, so this will be automatically added if omitted.

query

Either a query string or a named list of query components.

fragment

The fragment, e.g., #section-1.

relative_url

A relative URL to append to the base URL.

...

<dynamic-dots> Name-value pairs that define query parameters. Each value must be either an atomic vector or NULL (which removes the corresponding parameters). If you want to opt out of escaping, wrap strings in I().

.multi

Controls what happens when a value is a vector:

"error", the default, throws an error.
"comma", separates values with a ,, e.g. ?x=1,2.
"pipe", separates values with a |, e.g. ?x=1|2.
"explode", turns each element into its own parameter, e.g. ?x=1&x=2

If none of these options work for your needs, you can instead supply a function that takes a character vector of argument values and returns a a single string.

.space

How should spaces in query params be escaped? The default, "percent", uses standard percent encoding (i.e. %20), but you can opt-in to "form" encoding, which uses + instead.

Value

An object of the same type as url.

Examples

url_modify("http://hadley.nz", path = "about")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/about"
url_modify("http://hadley.nz", scheme = "https")
#> [1] "https://hadley.nz/"
url_modify("http://hadley.nz/abc", path = "/cde")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/cde"
url_modify("http://hadley.nz/abc", path = "")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/"
url_modify("http://hadley.nz?a=1", query = "b=2")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/?b=2"
url_modify("http://hadley.nz?a=1", query = list(c = 3))
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/?c=3"

url_modify_query("http://hadley.nz?a=1&b=2", c = 3)
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/?a=1&b=2&c=3"
url_modify_query("http://hadley.nz?a=1&b=2", b = NULL)
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/?a=1"
url_modify_query("http://hadley.nz?a=1&b=2", a = 100)
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/?b=2&a=100"

url_modify_relative("http://hadley.nz/a/b/c.html", "/d.html")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/d.html"
url_modify_relative("http://hadley.nz/a/b/c.html", "d.html")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/a/b/d.html"
url_modify_relative("http://hadley.nz/a/b/c.html", "../d.html")
#> [1] "http://hadley.nz/a/d.html"

Arguments

Value

See also

Examples